2 * Assembly code generator for fake x86 assembly
3 * Author: Joshua Wise <jwise@andrew.cmu.edu>
4 * Author: Chris Lu <czl@andrew.cmu.edu>
9 val codegen : Tree.stm list -> Blarg.insn list
12 structure Codegen :> CODEGEN =
15 structure TU = TreeUtils
19 (* hasfixed : T.exp -> bool
20 * true iff the given expression has an hasfixed.
22 fun hasfixed (T.CALL _) = true
23 | hasfixed (T.BINOP(_, a, b)) = (hasfixed a) orelse (hasfixed b)
24 | hasfixed (T.UNOP (_, a)) = hasfixed a
25 | hasfixed (T.ALLOC(_)) = true
26 | hasfixed (T.MEMORY (m)) = hasfixed m
27 | hasfixed (T.STMVAR _) = true
30 (* binophit : X.oper -> X.opc -> T.exp -> T.exp -> X.insn list *)
31 (* binophit d oper e1 e2
32 * generates instructions to achieve d <- e1 oper e2
33 * oper should be something like X.ADD
35 fun binophit d oper e1 e2 =
37 val t = X.TEMP (Tm.new "binop")
38 val i1 = munch_exp d e1
39 val i2 = munch_exp t e2
40 (* val _ = print ("s1 = " ^ Tm.sfx s1 ^ ", s2 = " ^ Tm.sfx s2 ^ ", ") *)
41 (* val _ = print ("rs = " ^ Tm.sfx rs ^ " from " ^ TU.Print.pp_exp e1 ^ " and " ^ TU.Print.pp_exp e2 ^ "\n") *)
43 [X.COMMENT "binophit" ] @ i1 @ i2 @ [X.INSN (X.AL, oper (d, t)), X.COMMENT "binophit done"]
46 (* cmphit : X.oper -> X.exp -> X.insn list
48 * generates instructions to set d based on the truth value of ex
52 val (insns, pos, neg) = munch_cond ex
54 insns @ [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOVLIT (d, 0w0)), X.INSN (pos, X.MOVLIT (d, 0w1))]
57 (* munch_exp : prex86oper -> T.exp -> prex86insn list *)
59 * generates instructions to achieve d <- e
60 * d must be TEMP(t) or REG(r)
62 and munch_exp d (T.CONST n) = [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOVLIT(d, Word.fromLarge n))]
63 | munch_exp d (T.NULLPTR) = [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOVLIT(d, 0w0))]
64 | munch_exp d (T.TEMP(t)) = [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOV(d, X.TEMP t))]
65 | munch_exp d (T.ARG(0)) = [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOV(d, X.REG X.R0))]
66 | munch_exp d (T.ARG(1)) = [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOV(d, X.REG X.R1))]
67 | munch_exp d (T.ARG(2)) = [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOV(d, X.REG X.R2))]
68 | munch_exp d (T.ARG(3)) = [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOV(d, X.REG X.R3))]
69 | munch_exp d (T.ARG(t)) = [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOV(d, X.STACKARG (t - 4)))]
70 | munch_exp d (T.CALL(name, l)) = (* Scary demons live here. *)
73 val nstack = if (nargs <= 4)
76 val stackb = nstack * 1
77 fun argdest 1 = X.REG X.R0
78 | argdest 2 = X.REG X.R1
79 | argdest 3 = X.REG X.R2
80 | argdest 4 = X.REG X.R3
81 | argdest n = raise ErrorMsg.InternalError "more than 4 args not supported yet" (*X.REL ((X.REG X.RSP, Tm.Quad), (X.CONST (Word32.fromInt (~(stackb - 8 * (n - 7)))), Tm.Quad), 0w1)*)
83 val dests = List.tabulate (nargs, fn x => argdest (x+1))
84 val hf = List.map hasfixed l
85 val (d_hf, l_hf) = ListPair.unzip (ListPair.foldr
86 (fn (a,b,c) => if b then a::c else c)
88 (ListPair.zip (dests,l), hf)
90 val (d_nohf, l_nohf) = ListPair.unzip (ListPair.foldr
91 (fn (a,b,c) => if b then c else a::c)
93 (ListPair.zip (dests,l), hf)
95 val temps = List.map (fn _ => Temp.new ("arg")) l_hf
96 val argevals_hf = List.map
97 (fn (t,exp) => munch_exp (X.TEMP t) exp)
98 (ListPair.zip (temps, l_hf))
99 val argpushes = List.map
100 (fn (dest, t) => [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOV (dest, X.TEMP t))])
101 (ListPair.zip (d_hf, temps))
102 val argevals_nohf = List.map
103 (fn (d,exp) => munch_exp d exp)
104 (ListPair.zip (d_nohf, l_nohf))
106 val t_stackb = Temp.new ("stackb")
107 val t_target = Temp.new ("target")
109 List.concat argevals_hf @
110 List.concat argpushes @
111 List.concat argevals_nohf @
112 [ X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOVLIT (X.TEMP t_stackb, Word.fromInt stackb)),
113 X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOVSYM (X.TEMP t_target, name)),
114 X.INSN (X.AL, X.SUB (X.REG X.SP, X.TEMP t_stackb)),
115 X.INSN (X.AL, X.CALL (X.REG X.SP, X.TEMP t_target, nargs)),
116 X.INSN (X.AL, X.ADD (X.REG X.SP, X.TEMP t_stackb)),
117 X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOV (d, X.REG X.R0))]
119 (*| munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.ADD, e1, T.CONST n)) = binophit_c d X.ADD e1 n
120 | munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.ADD, T.CONST n, e1)) = binophit_c d X.ADD e1 n
121 | munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.ADD, e1, T.TEMP t)) = binophit_t d X.ADD e1 t
122 | munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.ADD, T.TEMP t, e1)) = binophit_t d X.ADD e1 t*)
123 | munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.ADD, e1, e2)) = binophit d X.ADD e1 e2
125 (*| munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.SUB, e1, T.CONST n)) = binophit_c d X.SUB e1 n
126 | munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.SUB, e1, T.TEMP t)) = binophit_t d X.SUB e1 t*)
127 | munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.SUB, e1, e2)) = binophit d X.SUB e1 e2
128 | munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.MUL, e1, e2)) = munch_exp d (T.CALL (Symbol.symbol "__blarg_mul", [e1, e2]))
129 | munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.DIV, e1, e2)) = munch_exp d (T.CALL (Symbol.symbol "__blarg_div", [e1, e2]))
130 | munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.MOD, e1, e2)) = munch_exp d (T.CALL (Symbol.symbol "__blarg_mod", [e1, e2]))
131 | munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.LSH, e1, e2)) = binophit d X.SHL e1 e2
132 | munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.RSH, e1, e2)) = binophit d X.SHR e1 e2
133 | munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.BITAND, e1, e2)) = binophit d X.AND e1 e2
134 | munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.BITOR, e1, e2)) = munch_exp d (T.UNOP (T.BITNOT, T.BINOP (T.BITAND, T.UNOP (T.BITNOT, e1), T.UNOP (T.BITNOT, e2))))
135 | munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.BITXOR, e1, e2)) =
136 munch_exp d (T.BINOP(T.BITOR, T.BINOP(T.BITAND, e1, T.UNOP(T.BITNOT, e2)),
137 T.BINOP(T.BITAND, e2, T.UNOP(T.BITNOT, e1))))
139 | munch_exp d (a as T.BINOP(T.LOGAND, e1, e2)) =
141 val (insn1, pos1, neg1) = munch_cond e1
142 val (insn2, pos2, neg2) = munch_cond e2
146 [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOVLIT (d, 0w0)),
147 X.INSN (neg1, X.MOVLBL (X.REG X.PC, l))] @
149 [X.INSN (pos2, X.MOVLIT (d, 0w1)),
152 | munch_exp d (a as T.BINOP(T.LOGOR, e1, e2)) =
154 val (insn1, pos1, neg1) = munch_cond e1
155 val (insn2, pos2, neg2) = munch_cond e2
156 val t1 = X.TEMP (Tm.new "logand 1")
157 val t2 = X.TEMP (Tm.new "logand 2")
161 [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOVLIT (d, 0w0)),
162 X.INSN (pos1, X.MOVLIT (d, 0w1)),
163 X.INSN (pos1, X.MOVLBL (X.REG X.PC, l))] @
165 [X.INSN (pos2, X.MOVLIT (d, 0w1)),
168 | munch_exp d (a as T.BINOP(T.EQ, _, _)) = cmphit d a
169 | munch_exp d (a as T.BINOP(T.NEQ, _, _)) = cmphit d a
170 | munch_exp d (a as T.BINOP(T.LE, _, _)) = cmphit d a
171 | munch_exp d (a as T.BINOP(T.LT, _, _)) = cmphit d a
172 | munch_exp d (a as T.BINOP(T.GE, _, _)) = cmphit d a
173 | munch_exp d (a as T.BINOP(T.GT, _, _)) = cmphit d a
174 | munch_exp d (a as T.BINOP(T.BE, _, _)) = cmphit d a
176 | munch_exp d (T.UNOP(T.NEG, e1)) =
178 val t = Temp.new "-val"
179 val i = munch_exp (X.TEMP t) e1
182 [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOVLIT (d, 0w0)),
183 X.INSN (X.AL, X.SUB (d, X.TEMP t))]
185 | munch_exp d (T.UNOP(T.BITNOT, e1)) = let val i = munch_exp d e1 in i @ [X.INSN (X.AL, X.NOT (d, d))] end
186 | munch_exp d (T.UNOP(T.BANG, e)) =
188 val (insns, pos, neg) = munch_cond e
191 [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOVLIT (d, 0w0)),
192 X.INSN (neg, X.MOVLIT (d, 0w1))]
194 | munch_exp d (T.MEMORY (e1)) =
196 val a = X.TEMP (Temp.new "addr")
197 val i = munch_exp a e1
200 [X.INSN (X.AL, X.LDR (d, a))]
203 | munch_exp d (T.ALLOC(exp)) =
205 val t1 = Temp.new "alloc"
207 val einsn = munch_exp (X.TEMP t1) exp
208 val insns = munch_exp d (T.CALL (Symbol.symbol "calloc", [T.TEMP t1, T.CONST 0w1]))
212 (* | munch_exp d (T.COND(c, T.CONST n1, T.CONST n2)) = let val (i,p,n) = munch_cond c in ((X.MOV (d, X.CONST n1))::i) @ [X.CMOVcc (p, d, X.CONST n2)] end *)
213 | munch_exp d (T.COND(c,e1,e2)) =
215 val (insns, pos, neg) = munch_cond c
218 val i1 = munch_exp d e1
219 val i2 = munch_exp d e2
220 (* val _ = print ("cond: size " ^ Tm.sfx s1 ^ " from " ^ TU.Print.pp_exp e1 ^ ", " ^ Tm.sfx s2 ^ " from " ^ TU.Print.pp_exp e2 ^ "\n") *)
223 [X.INSN (neg, X.MOVLBL (X.REG X.PC, l1))] @
225 [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOVLBL (X.REG X.PC, l2)),
230 | munch_exp d (T.STMVAR (sl, e)) = let val i = munch_exp d e in List.concat (map munch_stm sl) @ i end
232 and condhit e1 e2 (pos, neg) =
234 val t1 = X.TEMP (Temp.new ("var cond 1"))
235 val t2 = X.TEMP (Temp.new ("var cond 2"))
236 val i1 = munch_exp t1 e1
237 val i2 = munch_exp t2 e2
239 (i1 @ i2 @ [X.INSN (X.AL, X.SUBS (t1, t2))], pos, neg)
242 (* munch_cond : T.exp -> X.insn list * X.cond * X.cond
243 * munch_cond stm generates code to set flags, and then returns a conditional
244 * to test if the expression was true and for if it was false.
246 and munch_cond (T.UNOP (T.BANG, e)) =
248 val (insns, pos, neg) = munch_cond e
252 | munch_cond (T.BINOP(T.NEQ, e1, e2)) = condhit e1 e2 (X.NE, X.EQ)
253 | munch_cond (T.BINOP(T.EQ, e1, e2)) = condhit e1 e2 (X.EQ, X.NE)
254 | munch_cond (T.BINOP(T.LE, e1, e2)) = condhit e1 e2 (X.LE, X.GT)
255 | munch_cond (T.BINOP(T.LT, e1, e2)) = condhit e1 e2 (X.LT, X.GE)
256 | munch_cond (T.BINOP(T.GT, e1, e2)) = condhit e1 e2 (X.GT, X.LE)
257 | munch_cond (T.BINOP(T.GE, e1, e2)) = condhit e1 e2 (X.GE, X.LT)
259 | munch_cond (T.BINOP(T.BE, e1, e2)) = raise ErrorMsg.InternalError "memory safety not supported"
263 val t = X.TEMP (Temp.new ("munch c"))
264 val i = munch_exp t e
266 (i @ [ X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOVS (t,t)) ], X.NE, X.EQ)
269 (* munch_lval : T.exp -> X.operand
270 * Takes an expression that has been typechecked as being a valid lvalue and a location of a datum, and then returns an instruction list to store.
272 and munch_lval (T.TEMP t) oper = [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOV (X.TEMP t, oper))]
273 | munch_lval (T.MEMORY m) oper =
275 val t = X.TEMP (Tm.new "lv addr")
276 val i = munch_exp t m
279 [X.INSN (X.AL, X.STO (t, oper))]
281 | munch_lval _ _ = raise ErrorMsg.InternalError "That wasn't really a valid lvalue..."
283 (* munch_stm : T.stm -> X.insn list *)
284 (* munch_stm stm generates code to execute stm *)
285 and munch_stm (T.MOVE (T.TEMP t1, T.TEMP t2)) = [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOV(X.TEMP t1, X.TEMP t2))]
286 | munch_stm (T.MOVE (T.TEMP t, T.CONST n)) = [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOVLIT(X.TEMP t, Word.fromLarge n))]
287 | munch_stm (T.MOVE (T.TEMP t, a as T.ARG (an))) =
289 val i = munch_exp (X.TEMP t) a
293 | munch_stm (T.MOVE (T.TEMP t, a as T.CALL _)) = munch_exp (X.TEMP t) a
294 | munch_stm (T.MOVE (a, e2)) =
296 val t = X.TEMP (Temp.new ("assign"))
297 val i = munch_exp t e2
298 val li = munch_lval a t
302 | munch_stm (T.RETURN(e)) =
304 val t = X.TEMP (Temp.new ("retval"))
305 val i = munch_exp t e
307 i @ [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOV(X.REG X.R0, t)), X.INSN (X.AL, X.POP (X.REG X.SP, X.REG X.PC))]
309 | munch_stm (T.LABEL l) = [X.LABEL l]
310 | munch_stm (T.JUMP l) = [X.INSN (X.AL, X.MOVLBL (X.REG X.PC, l))]
311 | munch_stm (T.JUMPIFN(e, l)) =
313 val (insns, pos, neg) = munch_cond e
315 insns @ [X.INSN (neg, X.MOVLBL (X.REG X.PC, l))]
317 | munch_stm (T.EFFECT exp) = let val t = X.TEMP (Temp.new "throwaway") val i = munch_exp t exp in i end
319 fun codegen nil = nil
320 | codegen (stm::stms) = munch_stm stm @ codegen stms